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asthehighestidealofperfea；to
losealldesiresforrichesandpoost
exaltedpurposeofexistenceholythoughtswereregarded
asreiortantthanholydeeds；andnypeople
intothedesertandlivedupontheleavesoftreesandstarved
theirbodiesthattheyghtfeedtheirsoulshtheglorious
ntelationofthesplendoursofbrah；thehe
goodandtherciful
siddhartha；enobservedthesesolitarywanderers
theturil
ofthecitiesandthevillages；decidedtofollople
hecuthishairhetookhispearlsandhisrubiesandsent
theailyessageoffarehe
everfaithfulchannacarriedhoutasinglefollohe
youngprincethenvedintothewildeess
soonthefaofhisholynduountains
fiveyoungnandaskedthattheyght
bealloheagreedtobe
theirsteriftheytheynsented；and
hetookthentothehillsandforsixyearshetaughtthebr 》
allhekneidstthelonelypeaksofthevindhyauntains
butattheendofthisperiodofstudy；hefeltthatheill
farfroerfectionthehathehadleftntinuedto
tethihenoandthen
hefastedforfortyninedaysandnights；sittingupontheroots
ofanoldtreeatlasthereceivedhisreheduskof
thefiftiethevening；brahrevealedhielftohisfaithful
servantfrohatnton；siddharthaalledbuddha
andheeto
savenfroheirunhappyrtalfate
thelastfortyfiveyearsofhislife；buddhaspenthin
thevalleyofthegangesriver；teachinghissilelessonof
subssionandeknessuntoallnintheyear488before
ourera；hedied；fullofyearsandbelovedbyllionsofpeople
hehadnotpreachedhisdoctrinesforthebenefitofasingle
selfhisdisciple
this；hopleasethenoblesandthepriestsand
therchantsheirbesttodestroyacreedhregnised
theequalityofalllivingenthe
hopeofasendlifeareinstances
assoonastheyuld；theyenuragedthepeopleof
indiatoretutotheanincreed
hitsfastinganditstorturesofthesinfulbodybut
buddhisldnotbedestroyedslohedisciplesofthe
enlightenedonealayas；
andvedintochinatheycrossedtheyellowsea
andpreaasteruntothepeopleof
japan；andtheyfaithfullyobeyedtheaster；
tousefororepeople
regnisebuddhaastheirteacherthaneverbeforeandtheir
nuersurpassesthatofthebinedfollod
asfofucius；theanofthechinese；his
storyisasileoneheheyear550bche
ledaquiet；dignifiedanduneventfullifeatatihina
entandhechinese
peopleercyofbanditsandrobberbaronswho
urdering
andtuingthebusyplainsofnortheandcentralchinainto
aarvingpeople
nfucius；he
didnothavechfaithintheuseofviolencehewasavery
peaakepeople
overbygivingthelotofnehattheonly
possiblesalvationefrochangeofheart；andhe
setoutupontheseenglyhopelesstaskofchangingthecharacter
ofhisllionsoffelloenedthewideplains
ofeasteasiathechinesehadneverbeenchinterested
inreligionasandthatheybelievedin
devilsandspooksasstpritivepeopledobuttheyhad
noprophetsandregnisedno‘‘revealedtruthnfucius
isalsttheonlyoneangthegreatralleaderswhodid
notseevisions；hielfasthessenger
ofadivinepoetioranother；claibr 》
thatheabove
hean；rathergiven
tolonelyelancholytunesuponhisfaithful
fluteheaskedfooregnitionhedidnotdendthat
anyoneshouldfolloorherendsus
oftheancientgreekphilosophers；especiallythoseofthestoic
senlivingandrighteousthinking
plyforthepeaceof
thesoulthateshagoodnscience
nfuciusanheoutofhis
ovisi
………………………………
第55节
tlaotse；theothergreatchineseleaderandthe
founderofaphilosophi；hwas
relyanearlychineseversionofthegoldenrule
nfuciusborenohatredtoanyonehetaughtthevirtue
ofsupreselfpossessionapersonofrealh；acrding
totheteachingofnfucius；didnotalloselftobe
ruffledbyangerandsufferedh
theresignationofthosesagesandthateverything
eantforthebest
atfirsthehadonlyafeber
increasedbeforehisdeath；intheyear478bc；severalofthe
kingsandtheprinselveshisdisciples
；thephilosophyof
nfuentalkeup
ofstchinanithasntinuedtoinfluencetheirlives
eversinostreligions
ilityand
eknessandabsencefroitions；butfifteen
centuriesaftergolgotha；theheadofthechristianchurchwas
spendingllionsupontheerectionofabuildingthatbore
littlerelationtothelonelystableofbethlehe
laotsetaughtthegoldenrule；andinlessthanthree
asseshaddehintoarealand
veryandntsunder
arubbishheapofsuperstitionadethelivesoftheaverage
chineseonelongseriesoffrightsandfearsandhorrors
nfuciushadshoudentsthebeautiesofhonouring
theirfatherandtheirthertheysoonbegantobere
interestedintheryoftheirdepartedparentsthaninthe
happinessoftheirchildrenandtheirgrandchildrendeliberately
theytuedtheirbacksuponthefutureandtriedto
peerintothevastdarknessofthepastthehe
aneapositivereligioussysteratherthan
disturbaceterysituateduponthesunnyandfertilesideof
auntain；theytheirriceanduponthe
barrenrocksoftheotherslopehinguldpossibly
groiothedesecration
oftheancestralgrave
atthesatithee
losttheirholdupontheincreasingllionsofeasteasia
nfuciani**sprofoundsayingsandshreions；
addedatouonsensephilosophytothesoulof
everychinanandinfluencedhisentirelife；herhewas
asilelaundryninasteangbasentortherulerofvast
provincesbehindthehighludedpalace
inthesixteenthcenturytheenthusiasticbutratheruncivilised
christiansoftheefacetofaceh
theoldercreedsoftheeasttheearlyspaniardsandportuguese
lookeduponthepeaplated
thevenerablepicturesofnfuciusanddidnotin
theleastknoakeofthosehyprophetsh
theirfarailetheycatotheeasynclusionthat
thesestrangedivinitiesplaindevilsed
sothingidolatrousandhereticalanddidnotdeservethe
respectofthetruesonsofthechurchhespirit
ofbuddhaofuciusseedtointerferehthetradein
spicesandsilks；theeuropeansattackedthe‘‘evilinfluence
hadcertainvery
definitedisadvantagesithasleftusanunpleasantheritage
ofilliseslittlegoodfortheiediatefuture
therefortion
theprogressofthehunraceisbest
p