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The Spirit of Law-法的精神(英文版)-第11章

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brotherarriedherghtbepossessedoftwo

    littlearryasisterbythefathersside;andnotbythethers;yetthentrarypraonians;ittedtoespouseasisterbythethersside;andnotbythefathersforifindinstrabo7thatatsparta;anarriedtoherbrothershehadhalfhisportionforherdoadeinordertopreventthebadnsequenerthattheestatebelongingtothesistersfalyghtnotdevolveonthebrothers;theygavehalfthebrothersestatetothesisterforherdowry

    seneissionitedatathens;butgeneralatalexandriainanarenttheretlenceaboutanysuchthingasadivisionofestates

    exobersofcitizensghtaluponanequalityhthatofthedivisions

    phaleasofethodofrenderingallfortunesequal;inarepublioneyfortheirdaughters;insteadofgivingtheortunesbutidonotreerthataregulationofthiskindevertookpladetesttheveryequalityetisthatthelatotendsodirectlytotheendtheypropose

    thoughrealequalitybetheverysoulofadeeexactnessinthisrespectoderaterichesalohatcangiveorsuffe
………………………………

第23节

    rthissortofpensation;forastonofovergroasaninjury

    allinequalityindethenatureofthegovent;andevenfroheprinple;itybeapprehendedthatpeopleuploynt;oegleenoanruinedbyapublienten;beingobligedtoneglecthisduty;self;andsoon

    6inaintainfrugalityinadeall;asaryangtherons”godforbid;”saidallpie”

    asequalityoffortunessupportsfrugality;sothelatterintainstheforrthesethings;thoughintheelvesdifferent;areofsuocracy;theothersurelyfollo

    trueisitthatoerayacquirevastrichesorals

    thisisbeerischiefis;rce;thenitisthattheinnveniencesofinequalitybegintobefelt

    inordertosupportthisspirit;randstudy;thistheerepainseitherinpreservingoracquiringafortune

    itisanexongtheerustpursuequitedifferentasures14

    ingreeerer;theannerofgettingalivelihoodand;indeed;inaocracy;endonlytoisnecessary;everyoneoughttohaveit;forhoheirsbeotherwisesupplied

    7otherthodsoffavouringtheprinoostanustbehadtootherthods

    ifapeentbodybeestablishedtoserveasaruleandpatteofnners;asenate;toinentserviittanilyentsofvirtue

    aboveall;thissenateststeadilyadheretotheanindthatthepeopleandthegistratesneversthe

    thepreservationoftheanannerssinperfoyrableaestablishsopeopleannersareplainandsile;tokeepuptheancientcustoistheorals

    besides;ifbysorevolutionthestatehashappenedtoassuane;thisseldonners;andthoseofdedatetorrupttheintheurseofalongadnistration;thedesostgenerousefforts

    ithasbeenquestionedeersofthesenateedoubtlesstheyoughttobeforlife;asatro;15atsparta;16andevenatathensforustnotnfoundthesenateatathens;onths;eers;asstandingpattes;ablishedforlife

    letthisbethereforeageneralxithatinasenatedesignedtobearule;andthedepository;asitanners;theersoughttobeinistrationofaffairs;theersybechanged

    thespirit;saysaristotle;agistrate;butbly

    atathens;besidestheareopagus;thereorals;asene;theittedtotagistratesasthesenatetherruptionsoftherepubliatiseindolenistakes;astoflagrantcris;theseentofthelaws

    thatronlairablywell
………………………………

第24节

    orals;itintidatedrrieden;ashoseochovertheiduct

    nothingntributesretothepreservationofralsthananextresubordinationoftheyoungtotheoldthustheyarebothrestrained;theforrbytheirrespeselves

    nothinggivesagreaterforbutatathensarichnagistrate”

    patealauthorityislikeoralsentsthelaustthereforeendeavourtosupplythisdefeeansorother;andthisisdonebypatealauthority

    fathersatrohadthepoanschild

    patealauthorityendedatrotogetheronaragistrates

    theronlaedyoungpeopletodependeninorityperhapsistakeninnfogtothisuchnstraintinnarchies

    thisverysubordinationinarepubliebutthisisnotagreeabletothespiritofnarchy

    8inentinanaristoehappinessasinapopulargovent;andthestategroensfortunesaresounequal;thelausttendasoderation;andendeavourtoreestablishthatequalityovedbythenstitution

    thespiritofderationisueinanaristocracy;itsuppliestheplaceofthespiritofequalityinapopularstate

    asthepoandsplendourapartoftheirpoodestyandsiliannersnstitutethestrengthofanaristocratiobility20heyaffectnodistinction;ix;andsharealltheirpleasures;thepeopleareapttoforgettheirsubjectionandweakness

    everygoventhasitsnatureandprinustnotthereforeassuthenatureandprinonarplerespectforthesenators

    inaristoentsthereareteinequalitybeteersofthebodythatgovesfroheseties;hatredsandjealousiesarise;helaevertopreventorrepress

    thefirstinequalityisoreodiousthereaderyseeadvantagesthetribunesderivedthenceintheirharangues

    thisinequalityoitfraudstoexettheelves;22oney;underpretenploynts;infine;npeopletributary;anddivideangtheirotheseveralsubsidiesthislastents

    einoluntsfroheiroffietisthetaxesfellupontheloneinfine;farfroharingangtheelvestherevenuesofthestate;alltheyulddrathepublictreasure;andalltheacceptingpublichonours23

    itisafundantalxihatlargessesarepeioenttheforrketheorgettheyareongthepeople;theystbenvihingalstasenjoyingitthegoldenphs;thetreasurespreservedintheteleofsatu;ythehofthepeople

    itisaveryessentialpointinanaristoselvesshouldnotlevythetaxesthefirstorderofthestateinroneveeploynts;andthereeersappointedtorevetheabusesthenoblesents;eeverestatestheyplease

    soonony;segovents;arkableshock;havedosuchadegreeasnotonlytheieighbours;buteventheiros;havebeensurprisedatit

    thelarselvesrceisaprofessionofpeopleongdespoticstatesthe
………………………………

第25节

    stserablearethoseinselftotrade

    thelarce;byighteveninnocentlyacquireexorbitanth

    thelaploythesteffeakingthenoblesdojustiselves

    everysortofasylunoppositiontotheexeinionthereshouldbeeitherateoraryorperpetualgistratetokeepthenoblesinaagistratessubjealitiesthissortofgoventstandsinneedofthestrongestsprings:thusauthofstone25isopentoeveryinforratveniceauthtotogivetheappellationoftyranny

    thesearbitrarygistratesinanaristooagistratesofalldenonationsinistration;26exceptthecensors27

    therearettopaytheirdebtsintitoderatetheexcessofade;butnonfiscations;noagrarianlaischief

    thelaogenitureangthenobles28totheendthatbyantinualdivisionoftheinheritanaybealwaysuponalevel

    thereshouldbenosubstitutions;nopoption;norightsofjorasgo;oradoptionthentrivaniliesinnarentsoughtnevertobeeloyedinaristocracies29

    ilies;thenextthingistopreserveaproperhayandunionangthethequarrelsofthenobilityoughttobequiiliesarbitersyteate;orevenprevent;theriseotdisputes

    infine
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