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slohpersistenturage；wehavebeenpushing
thisquestionrkfurtherandfurthertohatdistant
line；beyondthehorizon；ofindouranswer
goneveryfar
illknotlebuthepoint
any
things
inthischapterishalltellyouhooourbest
beliefthestagean
ifeduringhasbeenpossiblefor
anillifetoexistuponourplabyalineofthislength；
thenthetinylinejustbeloestheageduringh
norablingnhaslived
uponthisearth
nebutthefirsttousehisbrainfor
thepurposeofnqueringtheforcesofnaturethatisthe
reason；ratherthancatsor
dogsorhorsesoranyoftheotheranils；heir
oentbehind
the
inthebeginning；theplauponhwelivewasasfar
asingtter；atinycloudof
skeintheendlessoceanofspacegradually；intheurse
ofllionsofyears；thesurfacebueditselfout；andovered
hathinlayerofrocksupontheselifelessrocksthe
raindescendedinendlesstorrents；thehard
graniteandcarryingthedusttothevalleysthatlayhiddenbetween
thehighingearth
finallythehourcahesunbrokethroughthe
cloudsandsahislittleplahafew
sllpuddlesightyoceansof
theeasteandispheres
thenonedaythegreathadbeen
dead；gavebirthtolife
thefirstlivingcellfloatedupontheersofthesea
forllionsofyearsitdriftedaiesslyhthecurrents
butduringallthattiitainhabitsthat
itghtsurvivereeasilyupontheinhospitableearthso
ofthesecellsinthedarkdepthsofthelakesand
thepoolstheytookrootintheslisedintshhad
beene
plantsotherspreferredtoveaboutandtheygrew
strangejointedlegs；likesrpionsandbegantocrawlalong
thebottoftheseaadsttheplantsandthepalegreenthings
thatlookedlikejellyfishesstillothersveredhscales
dependeduponasngtiontogofrolacetoplace
intheirsearchforfood；andgraduallytheypopulatedtheocean
yriadsoffishes
anberandtheyhad
tosear
forthetthebottoftheseareluctantlytheyleftthe
adeaneeinthershesandonthed
banksthatlayatthefootoftheuntainsthe
tidesoftheoceanveredthetheirbrinefortherest
oftheti；theplantsdethebestoftheirunfortable
situationandtriedtosurviveinthethinairhsurrounded
thesurfaceoftheplaaftercenturiesoftraining；they
leaedhofortablyintheairastheyhaddonein
theeshrubsandtrees
andatlasttheyleaedhoogrowlovelyflower
………………………………
第4节
sh
attrablebeesandthe
birdsheseedsfarandiltheh
hadbeeveredhgreenpastures；orlaydarkunderthe
shadoeofthefishestoo
hadbeguntoleavethesea；andtheyhadleaedhoobreathe
phibious；
eansthattheyareabletolivehequaleaseontheland
andintheerthefirstfroghcantellyou
allaboutthepleasuresofthedoubleexistenphibian
onceoutsideofthealsgraduallyadapted
theelvesreandretolifeonlandsobecareptiles
creaturesheysharedthe
silenove
fasterthroughthesoftsoil；theyirovedupontheirlegs
andtheirsizeincreaseduntiltheedh
gigantishehandbooksofbiologylistunder
thenasofiegalosaurusandbrontosaurus
obethirtytofortyfeetlongandouldhave
playedhelephantsasafullgroplayshherkittens
sooftheersofthisreptilianfalybegantolivein
thetopsofthetrees；orethanahundred
feethightheynolongeeededtheirlegsforthepurpose
oftovequicklyfrobr 》
branchtobranchandsotheychangedapartoftheirskin
intoasortofparachute；retchedbethesidesof
theirbodiesandtheslltoesoftheirforefeet；andgradually
theyveredthisskinnyparachuteade
theirtailsintoasteeringgearandfletreetotreeand
developedintotruebirds
thenastrangethinghappenedallthegiganticreptiles
diedeknohereasonperhaps
itateperhapsthey
hadgronorwalknor
craheystarvedtodeathhinsightbutnothin
reachofthebigfesandtreeseverthecause；the
llionyearoldpireofthebigreptileswasover
theobeoccupiedbyverydifferent
creaturestheyhedescendantsofthereptilesbutthey
the
‘‘aeorthebreastsofthetherode
sciencecallstheseanils‘‘alstheyhadshedthe
scalesofthefishtheydidnotadoptthefeathersofthebird；
buttheyveredtheirbodiesaalshowever
developedotherhabitsheirraceagreatadvantage
overtheotheranilsthefeleofthespecies
carriedtheeggsoftheyounginsideherbodyuntiltheywere
hatchedande；had
lefttheirchildrenexposedtothedangersofldandheat；
andtheattalskepttheiryoung
foralongtiandshelteredtheeywere
stilltooiesinthisheyoung
alsuchbetterchancetosurvive；because
theyleaednythingsfroheirthers；asyouwillknow
ifyouhaveeverchedacatteachingherkittenstotake
selvesandhooheirfacesandhoo
catchce
butofthesealsineednottellyouchforyou
knoheysurroundyouonallsidestheyare
yourdailypanionsinthestreetsandinyourho；andyou
iliarusinsbehindthebarsofthezoological
garden
andnoetothepartingofthean
suddenlyleavestheendlessproblylivingand
dyingcreaturesandbeginstousehisreasontoshapethe
destinyofhisrace
onealinparticularseedtosurpassallothersin
itsabilitytofindfoodandshelterithadleaedtouseits
forefeetforthepurposeofholdingitsprey；andbydintof
practiceithaddevelopedahandlikeclaerable
attetsithadleaedhoobalancethehe
bodyuponthehindlegsthisisadifficultact；hevery
childhastoleaaneanracehasbeen
doingitforoverallionyears
thiscreature；halfapeandhalfnkeybutsuperiorto
both；beakea
livingineveryoved
aboutingroupsitleaedhoakestrangegruntsto
anyhundreds
ofthousandsofyearsitbegantousethesethroatynoises
forthepurposeoftalking
thisayhardlybelieveit；wasyour
first‘‘nlikeancestor
ourearliestancestors
weknoenwehave
neverseentheirpicturesinthedeepestlayerofclayofan
anesfoundpiecesoftheirbones
theselayburiedadstthebrokenskeletonsofotheranils
thathavelongsincedisappearedfrohefaceoftheearth
anthropologistsleaedscientistsetheirlivesto
thestudyofnasaeroftheanilkingdoave
takenthesebonesandtheyhavebeenabletorenstructour
earliestancestorshafairdegreeofaccuracy
thegre