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thanithadbeenduringthefivehundredyearsofthedark
agesiten
ostoftheirtifightinghaedans
andhunsandnorsenoftentheyyofbacksliding；
andhavingvoercyand
charityintheing；theyurderalltheirprisoners
beforeeveningbutprogressisevertheresultofslowand
ostunscrupulousofknights
oobeytherulesofhis‘‘classorsufferthensequences
theserulesinthevariouspartsofeurope；
buttheyalldechof‘‘serviceand‘‘loyaltytodutythe
ddleagesregardedserviceassothingverynoblea
………………………………
第34节
nd
beautifulitobeaservant；providedyou
anddidnotslackenonthejobasfor
loyalty；atatihefaithfulper
foanyunpleasantduties；ithechiefvirtue
ofthefightingn
ayoungknightthereforeoshathewould
befaithfulasaservanttogodandasaservanttohisking
furtherre；heprosedtobegeneroustothosewhoseneed
erthanhisohathewould
behuleinhispersonalbehaviourandof
hisoplishntsandthathewouldbeafriendofall
thosedans；
heedtokillonsight
aroundthesevoerelythetenndnts
expressedinteriddleages
uldunderstand；theredevelopedaplicatedsystef
nnersandoutodel
theiropleofthoseheroesofarthurs
roundtableandcharlegnesurtofthetroubadours
hadtoldthendofyouyreadinnydelightful
bookseratedattheendofthisvolu
theyhopedthattheyghtproveasbraveaslancelotand
asfaithfulasrolandtheycarriedtheelveshdignity
andtheyspokecarefulandgraciousightbe
knoblethecutoftheirat
orthesizeoftheirpurse
inthiseaschoolofthose
goodnnersachinerychivalry
catoanurtesyandthefeudalcastleshohe
restoftheclothestooeat；hooask
aladyforadanceandthethousandandonelittlethingsof
everydaybehaviourakelifeinterestingand
agreeable
likeallhuninstitutions；knighthoodedto
perishassoonasithadoutliveditsusefulness
thecrusades；abouthenextchapterstells；
revivaloftradecitiesgre
thetoerich；hiredgoodschoolteachers
andsoonheequalsoftheknightstheinvention
ofgunpoed‘‘chevalierofhis
forradvantageandtheuseofrcenariesdeitiossible
tonductabattlehthedelicatenicetiesofachess
touanttheknightbee
aridiculousfigure；hhisdevotiontoidealsthathadno
longeranypracticalvalueithatthenobledon
quixotedelanchahadbeenthelastofthetrueknights
afterhisdeath；histrustedsourweresold
topayhisdebts
butsohostohavefalleninto
thehandsofanuerofnoncarrieditduring
thehopelessdaysofvalleyforgeitheonlydefence
ofgordon；odesertthepeoplewhohad
beenentrustedtohiscare；andstayedtoethisdeathinthe
besiegedfortressofkhartou
andiaotquitesurebutthatitprovedofinvaluable
strengthinhegreatwar
popevseeror
thestrangedoubleloyaltyofthe
peopleoftheddleagesandhow
itledtoendlessquarrelsbetween
thepopesandtheholyroneerors
itisverydifficulttounderstandthepeopleofbygone
agesyouroyouseeeveryday；isa
steriousbeingworldofideasand
annersiaoe
ofyourgrandfathersoved；
andidonotexpeeaningofie
beroftis
theaveragenoftheddleageslivedaverysile
anduneventfullifeevenifheizen；ableto
eandgoathisownneighbourhood
thereanuscripts
hereandthere；asllbandofindustriousnkstaught
readingandearithticbutscienceandhistory
andgeographylayburiedbeneaththeruinsofgreeceand
ro
everpeoplekhepasttheyhadleaedby
listeningtostoriesandlegendssuation；hgoes
froathertoson；isoftenslightlyinrrectindetails；but
itainfactsofhistoryhastonishing
accuracyafterrethantothersof
indiastillfrightentheiaughtychildrenbytellingthehat
‘‘iskander；andiskanderisnoneotherthan
alexanderthegreat；edindiaintheyear330before
thebirthofchrist；butoryhaslivedthroughallthese
ages
thepeopleoftheearlyddleagesneversaextbook
ofronhistorytheyanythings
odayknoered
thethirdgradebuttheroneire；erelya
natoyou；sothingverychalivethey
feltittheyhepopeastheirspiritual
leaderbecausehelivedinroandrepresentedtheideaof
theronsuperpoheyeful
agne；andaftertothegreat；revived
theideaofapireandan
eire；thattheightagainbeasitalwayshadbeen
butthefactthatthereheirstothe
rontraditionplaiddle
agesinadiffiediaeval
politicalsysteleheworldly
stertheeerorlookedafterthephysicalwellbeingof
hissubjects；thespiritualsterthepopeguardedtheir
souls
inpractice；hohe
eerorinvariablytriedtointerferehtheaffairsofthe
perorhow
heshouldrulehisdoinsthentheytoldeaind
theirooniouslanguageandthe
inevitableendwaswar
underthosecircutances；hepeopletodo；
agoodchristianobeyedboththepopeandhiskingbut
thepopeandtheeerorieshsideshould
adutifulsubjectandanequallydutifulchristiantake
itogivetherrectanshe
eerorhappenedtobeanofenergyandly
oneytoorganiseanar；hewasvery
apttoare；besiegethepope
inhisooobey
theierialinstructionsorsufferthensequences
butrefrequentlythepop
………………………………
第35节
ehestrongerthenthe
eerororthekingtogetherhallhissubjectswas
exnicatedthisantthatallchurcheshatno
oneuldbebaptised；thatnodyingnuldbegivenabsolution
inshort；thathalfofthefunediaevalgovent
catoanend
rethanthat；thepeopletheiroathof
loyaltytotheirsovereignandorebelagainsttheir
sterbutiftheyfollohisadviceofthedistantpope
and；theyheiearbylege
lordandthattoo
indeed；thepoorfellopositionand
nonefaredhanthosehelatterhalfof
theeleventhany
andpopegregoryviifoughtattleh
deostfifty
years
intheddleoftheeleventhcenturytherehadbeena
strongventforrefothechurchtheelectionofthe
popes；thusfar；hadbeenastirregularaffairitothe
advantageoftheholyroneerorstohaveawelldisposed
priestelee
toroatthetiofelectionandusedtheirinfluencefor
thebenefitofoneoftheirfriends
intheyear1059thishadbeenchangedbyadecreeof
popenicholasiitheprincipalpriestsan