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insopartsofflandersandfranberofthefalyusedtotakeapieaketheenkeeppieagihattheyanychickensastherearesparksthatflyoutofthebrandsofthelog；andothersplacetheextinctbrandsunderthebedtodriveaininvariouspartsoffrancethecharredlogisthoughttoguardthehouseagainstsorceryaslightning
inenglandtheilaronthenightofonsize；inatethehouse；and；asitentofitspredeainsofthelogoguardthehouseagainstfireandlightning
tothisdaytheritualofbringingintheyulelogisobservedunityangthesoutheslavs；espec
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iallytheserbiansthelogisusuallyabloetisofoliveorbeebs；pigs；andkidsastheystrikesparksoutofthebuinglogsopeopleagainsthailinalbaniadonas；andtheashesofthefireaketheertilethehuzuls；aslavonicpeopleofthecarpathians；kindlefirebythefrictionofaseveoldstyle；thefifthofjanuaryandkeepitbuingtillthnight
itisrerkablehonthebeliefappearstohavebeenthatthereinsoftheyulelog；ifkeptthroughouttheyear；hadpospossiblethatthisbeliefybeareliftheoldaryanaynotbederivedfrohesaancientsource；isaquestionobensidered
8theneedfire
thefirefestival**hertodesesoftheyearbutbesidestheseregularlyreanypartsofeuropehavebeentiierialtoresorttoaritualoffireatirregularintervalsinseasonsofdistressandarkablerites；onourattentionbeustdatefroveryreteantiquitythegeneralnabyongtheteutonietistheneedfirethetafireproduethodsangslavonicpeoplesitiscalledlivingfire
thehistoryofthetheearlyddleages；any；england；stland；andirelandangslavoniingtheriteedytheanilsetisgeeseasaneainedalight；forsolongasevenanightlightbuedinahouse；itaginedthattheneedfireuldnotkindlesotisitedenoughtoputoutallthefiresinthevillage；butsotistheextinepartsofserbiait；sotistheplaallislandsinrivers
theregularthodofproduongsosouthslavsployedisspeplydesodeofkindlingtheneedfirevariedindifferentdistriedtightlyintothesooreinflaabletherollerorepersons；diatelyesaeeserelytoldthattetisitakingandtheaxleonilarlyitagallohthisionratherthanastrictnecessity
variousrulesightorshouldketheneedfiresotisitebaptislnsotisitedsuffie；theyployedtoproduen；esnineadethefirebe
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gottensons；butarriedorsingleangtheserbianstheneedfireissotiskindledbyaboyandgirlbet；sotisitisdebyanoldnandanoldanalsointhedarkinbulgaria；too；thekersofneedfirestriptheelvesoftheirselvesofallkindsoftalifafterlongrubbingoftheefireststillbebuinginthevillage；soastriightbefoundightbeinfli
ealsbers；sotisinaregularorderofprees；sothatoeofthethoseostblaefrohebonfirepeopletorekindlethefiresintheirhousesthesebrands；afterbeingextinguishediisputinthenagersatthereforatheneedfirein；sotistheyetobeeloyedasrediesinsiixedinainland；assoonasthefireonthedostiayperhapshaveoriginallyeveryedyfortherrainitappearsthatinsopartsofgeythepeopledidnotebytheforeloitysilarlyinpolandthepeasantsaresaidtokindlefiresinthevillagestreetseveryyearonstroinordertoproteecantonsofsist
chapter63theinterpretationofthefirefestivals
1onthefirefestivalsingeneral
theforegoingsurveyofthepopularfirefestivalsofeuropesuggestssogeneralobservationsinthefirstpla；anddrivingtohavebeenpraeybesaidoftheprothatoftheotherfirefestivalsbytheprivaonttodefeattheobjeblybyextinguishingthealliortantfireunderadotheseloblanoniestheelvesreseleeaofbonfiresblazingatfixedpoints；oroftorplabersandashestakenfrohesulderingheapoffuel；thefireisbelievedtoprotethegroanandbeast；eitherpositivelybystilatingtheoegativelybyavertingthedangersandildein；sterility；disease；andnotleastofallchcraft
buteaboutthatbenefitssogreatandnifoldeanssosileinagihattheyuldproanyillsbytheapplioke；ofeersandashestodeenquirersontheonehandithasbeenheldthattheyaresunagiitativegien；anils；andplantsbykindlingfiresinearththegreatsourannhardtitybeaintainedthattheplypurififulinfluenonsters；orinaniersonalforsasortofpervadingtaintorrruptionoftheairthisistheviearogkitybecalledthepurificatorytheoryobviouslythetheoriespostulatetnceptionsofthefireheprincipalpartin
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theritesontheonevieentofallthatkesforhealthandhappiness；ontheothervieesallthenoxiouselents；aterial；thatnaen；ofanils；andofplantsaulant；acrdingtotheotheritisadisinfectant；ontheoneviesvirtueispositive；ontheotheritisnegative
yetthetethatthefireskindledatthesefestivalsarilyintendedtoitatethesunslightandheat；y；asattributesderiveddireoniesaryandoriginal；thepurifiediatepositionbetentoftruthinbothoftheeinearliereditionsofthiseantidrarentscarrygreatstotoinclinedecidedlyinhisfavourhoissingthesolartheoryannhardtisentitledtoarespectfulhearing
chapter63theinterpretationofthefirefestivals
2thesolartheoryofthefirefestivalsinanearlierpartofthissforkingsunshine；andititivenineuropedidthesaindeed；ateofeuropeduringagreatpartoftheyear；sshouldhaveplayedainentpartangthesuperstitiouspraongthoseofsavagesoresunshihantheyaybesupportedbyvariousarguntsdratheirdates；partlyfrohenatureoftherites；andpartlyfroheinfluenceheyarebelievedtoexertupontheherandonvegetation
first；inregardtothedatesofthefestivalsitportantandedtoinerandidastheexpresstestinyoftheanas；idinglyexpiringlight
notonlythedateofsoofthefestivalsbutthenneroftheiritationofthesuntheightitationofthesunsurseinthesky；andtheitationrdayhasbeenthusinterpretedbysoofthoseaybesaid；istheonpraesexpresslysaidtobeshapedlikesuns；intotheairatthefestivalsyitativegiagiaybesupposedtotakeeffeipathy：byitatingthedesiredresultyouainarytopursuehisrfireissotispopularlyknopliesansciousnessofannexionbete
again；thennerinoertisfireeplaidsuerfestivals；anditisexpresslysaidtohavebeenforrlysoproeightberegardedasanfirtionoftheviesinpointoffarfireanyhungariansakefireondsuerevebyrotatingap；andthattheydrivetheirpigsthroughthefirethusdeatoberdlingen；insadeonstvitussdaythefifteenthofjunebyignitingatofauntain；andastheflaascended；
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thepeopleutteredasetforfsdireidsuer；andadeondsuerdaybytuingaustbearinndthatinallsuerelyaakingbyinbolicalsignificance
further；theinfluenreselethoseofsunshinethus；thefrenidsuerbonfiresethattheyakethesuntobreakoutinradiantglory；dryingtheilarlytheuseoftheneedfirebysistyverynaturallybeinterpretedasasunountainsthepeoplebelievethatthedsuerfireshelptopreservethefruitsoftheearthandensuregoodthedireaydaybonfireareblo；iftothenorth；ldnodoubtatpresentthedireesisregardedrelyasanauguryoftheodeofinfluenerelythattheskeandfl