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The Spirit of Law-法的精神(英文版)-第6章

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    thereis;then;aprireason;andlaherelationssubsistingbetanddifferentbeings;andtherelationsofthesetooneanother

    godisrelatedtotheuniverse;asadetheandhedethebecausetheyareinrelationtohisandpower

    sinatter;andvoidofunderstanding;subsiststhroughsolongasuotionsstcertainlybedirectedbyinvariablelaagineanotherustalsohavenstantrules;oritablyperish

    thusthecreation;sanarbitraryact;supposeslaightgovetheituldnotsubsist

    theserulesareafixedandinvariablerelationinbodiesved;thetionisreatterandveloity;eachchangeisnstancy

    particularintelligentbeingsyhavelawsof
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第10节

    theiroaking;buttheyhavesolikeadebeforethereade;therendedorforbiddenbypositivelaeassayingthatbeforethedescribingofacirclealltheradiiequal

    ustthereforeacknoansocietiesexisted;ittotheirlahereelligentbeingsthathadreceivedabenefitofanotherbeing;theyoughttoshoheirgratitude;ifoneintelligentbeinghadcreatedanotherintelligentbeing;thelatteroughttontinueinitsoriginalstateofdependence;ifoneintelligentbeinginjuresanother;itdeservesaretaliation;andsoon

    buttheintelligentbeingsoerhasalsoitslatotheoexatotheirpritivelahoseoftheiroitutingtheyfrequentlyinfringe

    ovent;inebethatasity;theyhavenotareintiterelationtogodthantherestoftheterialthanintherelationtheyhaveeithertootherpartiselves

    bytheallurentofpleasuretheypreservetheindividual;andbythesaallurenttheypreservetheirspeciestheyhavenaturallatotheiaturallahesearebetterobservedbyvegetables;thathaveneitherunderstandingnorsense

    brutesaredeprivedofthehighadvantageseostoftherereattentivethanakesobadauseoftheirpassions

    n;asaphysiperfeighteveryinstantforgethisindedhifhisdutybythelaonttoforgethielf;philosophyhasprovidedagainstthisbythelaoralityfordtoliveinsociety;heghtforgethisfellotohisduty

    2ofthelaentionedlaourfraandexistenanbeforetheestablishntofsociety:thelaatehoseofnature

    thelapressingonoudstheideaofaportanpoteneveryshadow

    inthisstateeveryn;insteadofbeingsensibleofhisequality;selfinferiortherehereforebenodangeroftheirattackingoneanother;peacehefirstlaure

    thenaturaliulseordesireankindofsubduingoneanotherisfarfroeingpireanddonionissoplex;anddependsonsonyotheotions;thatituldneverbethefirstanunderstanding

    hobbes3inquires;”forenard;andhaveloentofsocietyent;otivesforhostileattacksandselfdefence

    nexttoasenseofhisanpthioseekfoourishnt

    fear;ihaveobserved;entoshunoneanother;buttherksofthisfearbeingrealfeelsattheapproaespethedifferenceofsexesathirdlaw

    besidethesenseorinstinonotiveofuniting;andafourthlathedesireoflivinginsociety

    3ofpositivelaanentersintoastateofsoencesthestateofwar

    eaent;itutesastateofweenindividuals

    thesetanlautualinterurse;eersofasocietythatstbeproperlysupported
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第11节

    ;theyhavelaeofpoliticlahersortoflaheystandinrelationtoeachother;byoodthecivillaw

    thelaeofpeaeoftleinjuryaspossible;houtprejudicingtheirrealinterests

    theobjectofthisandtheprecedingprincipleallthoserulesarederiveditutethelaions

    alluntrieshavealaselves;thoughtheydevourtheirprisoners:fortheysendandreceiveaassadors;andunderstandtherightsofischiefisthattheirlaionsisnotfoundedontrueprinciples

    besidesthelaofgovent”theunitedstrengthofindividuals;”asgravina4ituteshebodypolitic”

    thegeneralstrengthybeinthehandsofasingleperson;orofnysothinkthatnaturehavingestablishedpatealauthority;thestnaturalgoventpleofpatealauthorityprovesnothingforifthepoent;thatofbrothersafterthedeathofafather;andthatofusinsgeafterthedeentofnythepolitiilies

    betterisittosay;thatthegoventstnforbletonatureisthatouranddispositionofthepeopleinisestablished

    thestrengthofindividualscannotbeunitedhoutanjunctionofalltheirionofthoselyobserves;”ishecivilstate”

    laanreason;inaschasitgovesalltheinhabitantsoftheearth:thepoliticalandcivillaanreasonisapplied

    theyshouldbeadaptedinsuedthatitshouldbeagreatchanceifthoseofonenationsuitanother

    theyshouldbeinrelationtothenatureandprinent;it;asybesaidofpoliticlahertheysupportit;asinthecaseofcivilinstitutions

    theyshouldbeinrelationtotheen;orshepherds:theyshouldhaverelationtothedegreeoflibertybers;rce;nners;andcustoinfine;theyhaverelationstoeachother;asalsototheirorigin;totheintentofthelegislator;andtotheorderofthingsonheyareestablished;inalloflightstheyoughttobensidered

    thisisinthefolloine;sinceallthesetogethestituteicallthespiritoflaws

    ihavenotseparatedthepolitiuchbusinesstofollohenaturalorderoflahatoftheserelationsandobjects

    ishallfirstexaherelationsent;andasthisprinystudytounderstanditthoroughly:andificanbutonceestabli**;thelatheirsourceishallproceedafteroreparticularrelations

    1”laortalandiortalbeings”seehistreatise;adisursetoanunleaedprince

    2nessthesavagefoundintheforestsofhanover;oenglandduringthereignofgeorgei

    3inpref;decive

    4italianpoetandjurist;16641718

    bookiioflathenatureofgovent

    1ofthenatureofthethreedifferentgoventstherearethreespeent:republionnotion;entisthatinepoonarchy;thatinent;thatinseverythingbyhisoaprice

    thisisent;ustnotothisnature;andnsequentlyarethefundantalinstitutions

    2oftherepublient;andthelaocracy1epoocracyepohehandsofapartofthepeople;itisthenanaristocracy

    inadeerespectsthesovereign;andinothersthesubject

    thereentandindeeditisasiortanttoregulateinarepublic;inanner;by;to;andnceingonarchytoknoannerheoughttogove

    libanius2saysthatatathensastrangereddledintheasseliesofthepeopleanusurpedtherightsofsovereignty

    itisanessentialpointtofixthenuerofthee;doodtoexperiene;etisallherinhabitantsetisallitalyandansiderablepartofthe;ro;isay;neverf
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第12节

    ixedthenuer3andthisheprincipalcausesofherruin

    thepeople;inthesuprepoanagentofeverythingustbenductedbytheiisters

    buttheyinisters;inatingtheitis;therefore;afundantalxinthisgovent;thatthepeopleshouldinistersthatis;theirgistrates

    theyhaveooreso;tobedireeers;adebytheelves;asatathens;orbysogistratedeputedforthatpurpose;asone

    thepeopleareextrelytheyaretoentrustinedbythingstoanybattles;andbeenthananarprovingtheopportunityandcriticalntofactionno;thissurpassestheirabilities

    shouldentofrit;adebytheatheniansandrons;t
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