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The Spirit of Law-法的精神(英文版)-第51章

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    115legadbarbaricudquresexportarinondebeant

    116leg2;ddercetrcator

    117propius;hepersians;i

    118seethensiderationsontheangrandeur

    119pliny;vi28;andstrabo;xvi

    120ibid

    121theuchreclandestinely;theroyalvesselofsuezcarriesthitheralsotillions

    122bookii;p181;ed1587

    123bookvi23

    124hesays;bookii;thattheronseloyedahundredandtployedty

    125booki;2

    126booki;13

    127ourbestpsplacepeterstohehundredthdegreeoflongitude;andaboutthefortiethoflatitude

    128suetonius;lifeofclaudius;18;leg7dtheodosdenaviculariis

    129bookviii;tit4;§9

    130tototitulo;ffdeincend;ruinetnaufrag;ddenaufragiis;leg3;ffadlegel;desicariis

    131leg1;ddenaufragiis

    132bookxi;tit3;§2

    133seearistotle;politics;i9;10

    134seeinrent;intheyear1206;betpagne;andguyofdaierre

    135stow;surveyoflondon;iii;p54

    136theedictpassedatbaville;4thofapril;1392

    137infranain;andthelordstheirsurbrusselntionsanagreentdeintheyear1206;betpagne;byhatthejeheoneshouldnotlendinthelandsoftheother

    138itisknofranbardy;andthattheretheygavetoforeignrchantsandtravellerssecretletters;dratheyhadentrustedtheireffectsinfrance;ed

    139seenov83oftheeerorleo;enopulus;underthenaofleo;iii;tit7;§27

    140seetheacuntofpirard;partii;15

    141this;inthelanguageoftheancients;isthestatehelony

    142exceptthecarthaginians;ashetreatyanendtothefirstpunicwar

    143polybius;iii

    144thekingofpersiaobligedhielfbytreatynottosailon

    145aristotle;ofhings;livy;dec2;vii

    146bookii;p170

    147thishasbeenalreadyshoalltreatiseostentirelyinrporatedinthepresentwork

    148seefrezier;voyages

    149abraziltillionssterlingingold;ountains;orinthebedsofriversbrazilbeingsonsiderableanitestheyareatpresent
………………………………

第126节

    bookxxiioflaoney

    1thereasonoftheuseofneypeopleeroney;fortheyexoorputshissaltinaheap;andthenegrohisdustinanother;ifthereisnotgoldenough;theortakesaeofhissalt;orthenegroaddsregold;tillbothpartiesareagreed

    buteretaleasilycarriedfrolacetoplacesavesthegreatexpensesobeatiftheyaleededbyexchange

    asallnationshavereerchandisepaythebalanceinspecieandthereisthisdifference;that;inthecaseofbuying;thetradecarriedonisinproportiontotheands;andsarethefepossibilityofbalancingitsacunts

    2ofthenatureofneyneyisasigneredbutlittlebyuse;andbeetalhasbeenostportableatalisstproperforanasure;beestandardeverystatefixesuponitapartiyrrespondaybeknoetals;deuseofoxen;2andtheronsofsheep;butoneoxisnotthesaasanotheroxinthennerthatonepieetalybethesaasanother

    aspeerchandise;paperisthesignofthevalueofspecie;andannerthatastotheeffectsproducedbyitthereisnottheleastdifference

    inthesanner;asneyisthesignandrepresentativeofathing;everythingisasignandrepresentativeofney;andthestateisinaprosperousnditiononeyperfeoney;andarereent;nordoesitalple;ifthelaoneyent;itakeeveryoneburytheirspeoney

    legislatorshavesotishadtheartnotonlytokethingsintheiroevenintospeenttotheironeyequaltofivethousandsesteranrepresentney

    thelaansnstitutedneyasatisfaitted;andforthesufferingsduetoguiltbutasthereoneytobepaidingoodsorisesonthsoneybeerchandise;andtheseagainbecaney

    neyisnotonlyasignofthings;itisalsoasignandrepresentativeofney;ashechapteronexchange

    3ofidealneythereisbothrealandidealneyakeuseofidealneyonly;beoneyetalofaetalfroverypieoney;toenforexale;frolivreatapoundorethetethodthelivreisanideallivre;andthesouanidealsouthusoftheothersubdivisions;andsofarythisbeayevenhappenthatoneyofthepreoneythedenonationofasnylivresandasnysousastheyplease;thevariationybentinual;beetoathingasitisdifficulttochangethethingitself

    totakeaakingroneyshouldbeethodsfroeingtakentorenderitideal

    nothingoughttobesoexetfroariationasthatnasureofalltradeisinitsoelyuncertain;anditisagreateviltoaddaneaintytothathenatureofthething

    4ofthequantityofgoldandsilverionsa
………………………………

第127节

    rethestressesoftheangtheelves;orfetines;stininishesetalshegothsandvandalsontheoneside;andontheotherthesaracensandtartars;brokeinlikeatorrentonthecivilisedworld

    5thesasubjeeriotedthenavigationoftheeuropeannations;foritisrchandisearica;andetalsasrchandise;butitisotherasasign;becausetheirabundancegivesanalloytotheirqualityasasign;heirscarcity

    beforethefirstpunicerly;silveritsofficeasasign

    6thereasonsus9thatinspainafterthenquestoftheindiestheinterest;uinished;theproportionayrelle;10oneyafterthenquestoftheindieserchandise;thatis;inotherheirinterest

    frohistitheyestates;foundedonrieroneuntrytoanotherrerkablyeasy;neycannotbescarceinaplaceaybesoreadilysuppliedhitbythoseinplenty

    7hoeranufacturesbuthooneyiseverythingtoberepresented

    ifparethessofgoldandsilverintheererassofgoldandsilverasthetotaloftheoneistothetotaloftheother;sopartoftheonedityorrerankindisnotallatononeyeti;thepriorroayenterintotradeatthesati;theestablishntoftheprientallydependsontheproportionofthetotalofthingstothetotalofsigns

    thustheprinagistrateerine11

    8thesasubjeerelyideal;foundedonthedegreeofesteendsforallrodityorrautes;another;tenutes;thatis;asiftheysaidsilythree;six;andtenthepriedbyaparisonofallrerchandiseisneytotheother

    letusforanttransfertoourselvesthisnnerofvaluingthings;andjoiniteranufaallothers;berofutes;and;dividingtheneyofthisstateintoasnypartsasthereareutes;onepartofthisdivisionofneyaute

    ifaute;butifindoublingthespeaute;theproportionainthesaasbeforethedoublingofeither

    if;sinererchandisehasincreasedas1to2itnecessarilyfolloerchandiseandprovisions;havingbeenraisedinproportionof1to20;andfalleninproportionof1to2itnecessarilyfollohattheproportionisonlyas1to10

    thequantityofgoodsandrererunioditiesandneerchandise

    9oftherelativesetalsparedhtheother

    theavaricioushoarduptheirgoldandsilver;forastheydonotcaretospend;theyarefondofsignsthatarenotsubjecttodecaytheyprefergoldtosilver;becauseastheyarealgoldthereforedisappe
………………………………

第128节

    arsetonceal;itappearsagainitsnfinent

    itisthenarulethatgoldisnnthisletsusseethedifferencebetoreatlarge

    10ofexsiscalledtheurseofexchange

    exontaryvalueofney

    silverasatalhasvaluelikeallotherrerererchandise;ituchofitsvalue

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