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The Spirit of Law-法的精神(英文版)-第15章

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    4ofthennerofpassingjudgnthenentinnarethodofarbitration;theydeliberatetogether;theyniity;theyderatetheiropinions;inordertorendertheforbletothoseofothers:andthelesseuerareobligedtogiveajoritybutthisisnotagreeabletothenatureofarepublie”;3thisbeingethodsofarbitrationareabovetheirreandthentheyhaveonlytoseen;toaent

    theronsintrodusofapleofthegreeks;andestablishedarulethateachcauseshouldbedirectedbyitsproperactionthisannerofjudging;itighthaveitalheireyesotherhisstateofthequestioninuallychange;andbenolongerdistinguished

    henpledend;akinganyaddition;deduitationbuttheprtorsdevisedotherforofaonarchyhenceitisasayingangthefrenchlahatinfrance5allactionsareexbonafide

    5inentsthesovereignybejudgechiavel6attributesthelossofthelibertyofflorencetothepeoplesnotjudginginabodyincasesofhightreasonagai
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第33节

    nsttheelves;asaryatroforthispurposetheyhadeightjudges:”butthefeaxifthisgreatnbutasinthoseeasureovertheuchaspossibleforthesecurityofindividuals

    selves7beforesentencenedshouldbesacred;topreventtheirbeingnfiscatedtothepeopleitationsthattothejudicatorypohepeople

    solonkneightkeoftheirpoinaljudgntsheordainedthattheurtofareopagusshouldreexaheaffair;thatiftheybelievedthepartyaunjustlyndeed10theyshouldpreventtheexeaketheejudgetheproceedinganadrablelaagistracyostrevered;andeventotheirown

    inaffairsofthiskinditisaledelays;espeaygroandgivetheirjudgntolly

    indespotients;theprineansediateposofjudgntinds;andpalenessspreaditselfovereveryuntenanoreextendedisthepoonarch

    onartobepunishedoracquittednoselftosituponthetrial;hehjudgeandparty

    inthisgoventtheprininingcrinalcauses;hehjudgeandparty

    further;bythisthodheselfofthestgloriousattributeofsovereignty;naly;thatofgrantingpardon;11forittokeandunkehisdecisions;surelyheself

    besides;thispossibletotellanted;orreceivedhispardon

    louisxiiibeingdesiroustositinjudgntuponthetrialofthedukedelavalette;12sentforsoersoftheparliantandoftheprivyunatter;upontheirbeingorderedbythekingtogivetheiropinionnajestyatthebarapersonovedeenttosee;ntrarytotheexaleofpastagesakingoffranningagentlentodeath”13

    again;sentenaneerorsadastositasjudgestheelves;thensequencehatnoreignseversosurprisedthehoppressionandinjustice

    ”selfthedeteationoflaagistrates;gaveoannerofrapine”butnero;uponingtotheeireafterindsofthepeoplebydeclaring”thatheselfinprivatecauses;thatthepartiesghtnotbeexposeden”15

    ”underthereignofarus;16”asofselvesoneveryside;andinfestedtheurtuponapersonsdeuannothinguldberedesirablethandeath”

    ”forrly;”sayspropius18”thereusedtobeveryfeinisteringjustiperorsurt

    thelaheseesptthefunpostors;istodeceivehi

    6thatinnarinistersoftheprinnyarethereflectionsthatherearise;butthissingleoneypurpose

    thereisintheverynatureofthingsakindofntrastbetposedofafeanythereasonis;intheforr;thingsshouldbeundertakenandnduenakeittheirsolebusinessonthentrary;inurtsofjudieasure;toallnnerofaffairs

    7ofasinglegistrateagistracyofthiskind
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第34节

    entanhistoryhoagistrateyabusehisponalllavirhehadsuboedantoreentadeofittothepresentcase20

    8ofaentsatro21ititedzealforthepubliaxiofinforrsinalsnationghtbeagreeabletotheprince;thisent;22butluckilyrangerstoitinouruntry

    irablelaely;thatbyesinhisnhenersisathingunknoentionhisauthor

    byplatoslaortoassistthegistratesareliabletopunishntthisbesoproperinourdaysthepublicprosecutorchesforthesafetyofthecitizens;heproceedsinhisofficeheyenjoytheirquietandease

    9oftheseverityofpunishntsindifferentgoventstheseverityofpunishntsisfitterfordespotients;onarchyorarepublic;ue

    inderategovents;theloveofonesuntry;sha;andthefearofblaarerestrainingtives;ultitudeofcrisherethegreatestpunishntofabadactionisnvictionthecivillauchforceandseverity

    inthosestatesagoodlegislatorislessbentuponpunishingthanpreventingoralsthantoinflictpenalties

    itisanstantrerkoftheorethepenallapire;thenearertheydreentsentedinproportionasthepublicralsed

    itattertoprovethatinall;oralstall;thegoventsofeurope;penaltieshaveininishedinproportionasthosegoventsfavouredordisuragedliberty

    indespotients;peoplearesounhappyastohaveagreaterdreadofdeaththanregretforthelossoflife;nsequentlytheirpunishntsoughttoberesevereinderatestatestheyarereafraidoflosingtheirlivesthanapprehensiveofthepainofdying;thosepunishnts;therefore;silyoflifearesufficient

    ninexiseryareequallyinedioixtureofprosperousandadversefortune;thatinspiresushlenityandpity

    oderategovents

    annature

    inderategovents;agoodlegislatorykeuseofeverythingbyentisitnotveryextraordinarythatoneofthetohavenopanyathobutvirginsinshort;entissucheffectively

    10oftheanulinal26anloseshishonourandhisvoiceinurt;ent

    11thatentsareneehadsoshareofprobitysuchagihatinsteadofpreceptsitunsels

    thepunishntsoftheregallaostallabolishedinthetioftherepubliinistration

    thisvalerianlaagistratesfrosingviolentthodsagainstaentonthepersonan29

    12ofthepoentsexperienents

    ifaninnvenienentendeavourssuddenlytoredressit;andinsteadofputtingtheoldlaeaginationgroedtothesevereasilderpunishnt;andasthefearofthelatterdinishes;theyaresoonobligedineveryerrobberiesonthehigheninsountries;inordertoredythisevil;theyinventedthepunishntofbreakingupontheischievouspracticebutsoonafterrobberiesonthehigheas
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第35节

    nasever

    desertioninourdayshasgroberdidnotdinishthereasonisverynatural;asoldier;ae;ituent30yforlife;thepenaltyinished

    nkindstnotbegoveedueansifanrruptions;theiunityofthederationofpunishnts

    letusfolloetonforhissurge;andlettheheaviestpartofthepunishntbetheinfaattendingit

    butiftherebesountrieseisnotansequenent;thisstbeoepenaltiesonvillainsandhonestn

    andifthereareothersenaredeterredonlybyentiesforslighttransgressions

    itoftenhappensthatalegislator;desirousofredyinganabuse;thinksofnothingelse;hiseyesareopenonlytothisobjethisseverity;thendsofthepeoplearerrupted;andbeehabituatedtodespotis

    lysander31havingobtainedaviakeprisonerstheatheniansassacred;exceptadyntes;inds;andgivenlessonsofcrueltytoallgreece

    ”theargives;”saysplutarightpleasethegodstotutheheartsoftheatheniansfroocruelathought”

    therearetedyitself

 
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